Navit without the element of the digit pilot colitis and without pronounced subclinical manifestations, rotting or wandering in the intestines, intestinal infections, and especially colibacillary infection can lead to a number of wondrous neuropsychic, severe, post-intestinal sufferings, which are important to diagnose, which stand for the substrate, etiology, if the mental infection becomes invisible. We appointed earlier that the neurotropic colibacillary toxin was isolated. Let's see in the house of neuropsychic manifestations that appeared in case of colibacillosis, slandered by him (Baruk, Retezyan and others).
On a possible role colibacillosis in determinism of some insignificant nerve discords, weak intensity, but with a great respite on a calm senesthesia jealousy of an ailing, imposing condition, it is important to interpret, from an etiological point of view, suffering, having a headache his rank, Dezhorzhe z Vishі: become asthenic, migraine become, neuro or mental depression, unexplained illness, nudity, confusion, can be just a little bit of an unknown, larval calibacilesis. in the toxic-colibacilemic system on the endocrine-sympathetic system; ailments with unimportant discords, as if they suffer forever, constantly with other sufferers, often appear as innocent coliacillers - even Dezhorzhe.
It's true, what do you understand colibacillosis that її pathological significance was recognized, it is our hour, the song is over. It dawned on me that Dezhorzhe had been overwhelmed, knowing that for the rahunok he had a lot of suffering from ailments to the intestines. They have a folded pathogenesis, which sometimes turns into a colibacillus, a leading rank, like an associate clerk. But it is not less true that intestinal infections are overwhelmed by an important pathogenetic factor, the creator of a foggy pathology, deceptive, wondrous. The healer should often zamishlyuvatisya over them, loom before him sick, which is important to understand, that become, how important it is to decipher.
Yakshcho vin maє nathnennya take to respect the songs of herbal discord, as if sometimes representing ailments (bloating, constipation, sabural camp, sechovy discord and hepatically with them at the same time, thinly) colibacilli, vin can be more amazing diagnostic vіdkrittya i, blissful intestinal nedolіki (like vin is guilty of being viyaviti) can vilіkuvat nervovі discord, psychіchіchnі zagalnі, that the fates of the afterlife were left enigmatic, taken to the exuberance of the nervous system.
It dawned on me that sickness for a long time, neuropsychopaths were vaunted and exulted as such; some of them were suspected of mystification, of over-exertion, until the correct cause was revealed.
Significant understanding of ailment and health and wellness, and physicians have been doing it for a long time. Three hours of Hippocrates were a rich point to the dawn of the chain. Sickness and health have always come together like two mutually exclusive states, henceforth, the filthy self-feeling that garne self-feelingly, it is logical to look like two poles, which approach to be-like of these states. The concept of filthy and good self-feeling can be a completely subjective character. In case of a serious illness, a person can be taken to be healthy, so that he will feel good. A typical butt can be an oncological illness, which is predictive of a serious problem for the whole organism, but does not bring any unacceptable subjective symptoms at the bud stage. Navpaki, the filthy self-poochutya can be slandered by various reasons, okrim somatic pathology. Crim somatic, the main causes of filthy self-esteem are socially important. One can see them family problems, be it a disruption of communications, mutual specialties with representatives of the social environment, in a way out of the bag.
It is necessary to look at the concept of health as a camp, to what guilt pragnate successful likuvalny infusions, and also as a meta-permanently living that propaganda preventive visits. The concept of mental health includes three main aspects in oneself: good self-esteem, like physical, and mental; self-actualization, so that building up to self-development, the manifestation of self-sufficiency; povaga to yourself that otochyuchih, but a little bit of vlasnoy goodness. All these qualities are possible as characterological features of special features with a low risk of mental disorder. Mobility is recognized as the premorbid power of specialness, and as ecological, economic and social minds of life. "All life is a theater, and everyone is a new actor." The meaning of this quote is explained by the fact that it is not less relevant to understand the role of a healthy person and the role of an ailing person for the objective understanding of health and ailment. The role of transferring the suspense to the behavior of this individual.
The role of a healthy maє on uvazі, scho people can win all the burdens on it with the necessary support of social functions and in the future, brothers and dodatkovі. The role of a healthy person is characterized by normal practice, vitality, readiness to complete the tasks. The role of the ailing man is directly opposite to the situation. In the camp of an ailment, a person claims special respect, turbot from the side of the sick. The role of the ailing may be on the court, which is laid on the new us before the social functions, the duties are transferred to other persons, or they may be pinned, the role of the ailing includes the impossibility of vicking the number of persons in the general obligation.
Whether the disease is diagnosed on the basis of the analysis of clinical signs (symptoms) and the results of the treatment. Among the various symptoms are signs of somatic ill health, as well as an altered reaction of the psyche as a result of illness. With low illness, such as neuroinfection, various intoxications, mental illness, illness of the vessels of the brain, changes in the psyche are affected by an uninterrupted influx on the head brain. In case of other illnesses, changes in the psyche and behavior will sound not like damage to the brain, but as signs that have changed from the side of other organs and systems. The main mechanism of such changes is the same in principle.
Damage to the vocal activity of organs and systems in the aftermath of the culprit and the development of somatic disease lead to a change in nerve impulses, which should reach the brain from the affected organ. As a result, there are changes in the physiological parameters of the main nervous activity, which lead to a change in the mental activity of the patient. Such changes cannot be unilateral, they always accompany the cerebro-visceral connection. Interaction behind the principle of direct and virtuous connection creates a whole picture of illness in the final bag. Change the mental activity of a person to make the very turning point. Reaction to the same illness and injury in different cases will be different.
Vono zumovlene raznym usvіdomlennyam ailments chi injuries, early life dosvіdom, equal to intellect and knowledge of a particular galuzі and bagatma іnshiy furnishing. The practical activity of a doctor often has to stumble over the lack of wealth of scarg and the meagerness of objective data. All the psychological features of being ill on one's own illness can be mentally divided into experiences and reactions to being ill.
Before them, one can hear the patient’s judgment about the cobs showing ailments, especially the change of self-feeling in the connection with the stronger sickness, nadali, on the path to the dressing up, that renewal of health - a notification about the symptoms of the transferred sickness tsesu for myself that otochyuchy, the possibility of continuing the sound professional activity and a lot more.
Follow the respect that in the center of the experience of the ill is known to be subjective, the stench takes the maximum of the respect and interests. The stench of mumbling a sprat of different things:
Let's rehabilitate subjective experiences in response to different types of reactions to the disease, which is vinyl. The stench is subdivided into normal and abnormal.
Normal reactions:
Abnormal reactions:
The rise of normal and anomalous types of response in broken emotional features and social needs allows you to see three main options for setting, which are most often aggravated, to the point of becoming ill. The first option is considered as a normal reaction to the disease. The patient adequately assesses his own future prospects, in connection with which pragmatically win the recognition of exaltation and obstezhennia, and see the results. The children of such an ailing person show purposefulness, arrogance, self-control, exercise to take the situation under control.
Another option is a depressive type of abnormal reaction to the disease. Illnesses of the group are ruined, irritable, pessimistic, and have neurological behavior. The goals of that task, which are significant for these patients, go to another plane, their dissatisfied needs, and others go to blame for an additional demonstration of their bezporadnosti. Patients are of little initiative, they are interested in the results of their exaltation and lack of exultation, the stench does not win over their own reserve abilities. The third option is a hysterical type of abnormal reaction to an ailment: ailments are passive, they ignore serious difficulties, their mood is unstable, their behavior is nervous. Contact from otochyuchimi difficulties in the wake of frequent inexpressible changes in mood. Patients long and barvisto talk about their ill experiences, often demonstrating them.
In general, the ninth of iatrogenics is called a psychogenic depression, i.e., an illness that develops as a result of mental trauma, in the words of a doctor. In a great sensi iatrogenia, a change in the psyche of a person was followed by a surge of wrong thoughts, pardoning the doctor. In such a rank, the word of the doctor is serious zbroєyu, zdatnoy like likuvati, so zavdavat shkodi healthy. Lyudina, as she suffers practically from some kind of illness, becomes more sympathetic and sensitive to the most influxes, more ingenious to negative infusions. However, not all patients are equally capable of such surges. Mayut znachennya osoblivostі osobisnosti lyudiny. The greatest schilnist is characteristic of those who are anxious, distrustful, quarrelsome, as if they called to listen to their own thoughts, with an easily irritable psyche. Sounds like a drive, misunderstood the words of a doctor in a conversation with an irritant about the ailment of any other patient, which is accompanied by almost anxiety: a kind of seriously ill, eyewitnesses, reading literature about raptov is afflicted not with a tragic result. After a non-trivial hour, such an irritable ailing one unacceptable sight, scho guess, on yoga thought, the signs of that very ill, about the yak of the wines, or having caught it from another person. As if the doctors were not afflicted with this fight, they begin to turn to other doctors, being convinced that they are sick. Even other doctors do not know how to be ill, you can swear to higher instances, despite the repeated exacerbation of that confession of likuvannya.
Some of these patients become “professional scammers”, like taking a lot of time from doctors and control organizations to poke around for an undiagnosed illness and illness to the applicant. At once, such a patient learns to grow up independently at his own health, learns to read special medical literature, as it is not easy to understand people without medical knowledge, to work for pardons and to borrow self-deprecating. Daily symptoms appear as a result of homing, appearing to be able to come to the system, to become orderly. At any stage of illness, you can cope with the defeat of a truly ill person.
The sight of roaming and speaking from the side of medical practitioners can cause a lowering of mood, discord in sleep, appetite, and slanderous self-perception. In such a state, functional disorders develop on the side of the “ailing” organ. In case of constant intercourse with the patient, the importance of the experience is great. It may be more positively significant, the patient, who is easily navіyuvsya, rather take it and remember it for the sake of recognizing that recommendation.
In other ways, the navіyuvanіst can play an evil heat with the doctor and the patient at the time of the pardon thought, or the unaccustomed discourse of the doctor. Particularly often, iatrogenic infusions are guarded during the course of obstezhennia in case of early manifestations of other ailments, if ailments are already turbulent with changes in one’s self-confidence and become weaker to free cloudiness of one’s own will, scho change.
A detailed analysis of the scarg and the experience of a sickness allows you to better understand the peculiarities of your mental individuality, to know more effective and pleasant forms influencing the new one. To whom it is also blamed because of the presence of ailing terms that do not understand you, like those who are unintelligent, they can pretend to be lakayuchi. great value next to analyze the experience of an ill person, more than the result of an uninterrupted verbal contact can mother the material, often outweighing the subtlety of the caution of the physical method of follow-up.
At the very beginning of the contact with the disease, the doctor is guilty of changing the positive attitudes of the patient, and not blatantly talking to you and talking about the possible serious consequences and the trivality of illness, it’s unfairly rich and long-lasting, recognize the large number of drugs wear and tear, without special need to see a sheet of non-sales , as if reinsurance, instead of giving recommendations for practicing, for mental and somatic health.
Particularly noteworthy is the need for carefulness and care in case of an illness, the results of the diagnosis. Informing the same diagnosis to different patients to wear a completely individual character with elements of theatricality. The form of assistance, words, speech, demonstration of the doctor’s wet setting to the diagnosis, which is confirmed, due to the lie of the equal to the intellect, enlightenment, culture, somatic and emotional state of the patient. The most unacceptable, shkidlivy variant is the medical-centric setting before being informed about the diagnosis. It is characterized by a dry scientific characteristic of the facts that one has seen. In this way, the doctor appears only as a professional in one of his own higher fields of knowledge, with a slight stretch in this way, one can simply be called a craftsman.
Shkіdlivy vpliv on the ailing mother can and mіrkuvannya doctor out loud, especially as it is necessary to use differential-diagnostic nutrition. You can’t guess for an hour, what a whirlwind of food and sumnivіv pіdnіmaє in the head of an ailing respect for those with some kind of different ailments, there may be a symptom that turbuє ailing.
Considering the aspect of helping the patient with the results of his obstezhennia, I especially respect the importance of adding electrocardiography, so that the diagnostic method is one of the most informative ways to become a heart, and it will become an important organ, about a be-like, unlit patient. At the lower end of the list of cardiologists, it is necessary that the results of electrocardiography were not carelessly reported, but not less than the worst, and the somatic problems were detected by the method of somatic problems. Expansion in this medicine, the diagnosis of "cardial neurosis" is often the result of non-tactful improvement in the results of the ECG, especially distrustful patients.
Sickness with a hypochondriacal warehouse of particularity for an hour scrupulously collects the results of the obstezhen, thoughts of different fahivtsiv, compare themselves with the results of the investigation of other ailments, self-sustaining the work of the visnovka, which is responsible for seriousness no ї shkodi, concentrating their interests on the camp of their health and manifestations of ailment. The thought about the possibility of an illness of the heart zhahє їх especially, stink to ask, to repeat the conduction of electrocardiography, and then fall into a panic, feeling about the insignificant recovery. Without medical knowledge, without knowing medical terminology, such ailments come to the conclusion about the presence of a serious heart disease in them, even though you can’t objectively go about it. The stinks of repeated ECG-dollarships and the troubles will calm down less than once, if you want to show a minimal respite from the victim, the shards of cym will be afraid, for which you don’t want to wait. Interpretation of X-ray data may also have its own stone water. It is important to value spirnyh visnovkіv, yakі at whom you see the winding up often. One and the same picture can be regarded as a variant of the norm in one patient and as a manifestation of pathology in another, moreover, do not be clear in the eyes.
p align="justify"> X-ray data must be assessed in later cases, the radiologist is not solely responsible for making a diagnosis and examining the patient. A characteristic butt may be the onset of depression from pediatric practice. Children of 2 years of age were diagnosed radiographically as having a cold with a cough, which was taken care of after bronchitis. The radiologist of the child polyclinic, having gone to the nursery, to that the radiologist robbed the visnovo, who works with the grown-up population and introduced the first child radiographs.
Yogo's verdict is unequivocal: a child with disseminated tuberculosis has a legion. For good luck or for bad luck, the mother of the child has little medical knowledge. It’s a pity that it’s been revealed by its own future obsyag and trivality of likuvannya, the aftermath of a serious illness in such a lower body for the body as a whole and a trace of toxic ones. medicinal preparations, without which it is impossible to reach the exaltation of this disease. Such a situation could lead to the wrong exultation of a child with inexpressible traces of that neurotic discord on the mother's side. Fortunately, the mother was not satisfied with the work of that radiologist and began to be able to consult the child and revise the results of the obstezhennya from the specialist, who practices the child's jubilant mortgage. Visnovok is convinced that such a result may be a variant of the norm, which was confirmed by further clinical warnings.
Sliding in the wake of the right iatrogenic infusions of pseudoiatrogenic. She is chattering in quiet moods, if she is ill, she may have a distrustful character, weak to the point of fantasizing. In a number of moods, not pogodzhuyuchisya from the doctor's thought, such a patient stverzhu about the presence of a parallel thought in his colleague, even though he does not show the validity. It is also necessary to consider such an aspect of the medical ethics of deontology - the division of ethics, as discussed, re-verification and control of the thoughts of their colleagues for the profession. Lіkar, hopes to help the sick, that a re-verification was carried out for yoga skarga, damage was revealed to the staff, who is happy, he is already guilty of tactfully carrying out his conversation. Yogo zavdannya - do not formally remind the patient of the results of your work, and try not to spread the faith of the ill on the doctor, the likuvalny mortgage and medicine as a whole.
In times of medical pardon, or pardon in most situations, there are obvious reasons that the real doctor should be true, or I would like to explain them. Illness is guilty of knowing about them because of the tactful reminder of the controlling fahivtsya. On the camp of the patient, who, having turned around for medical help, pour in a lot of furnishings, including the authority of a doctor, yoga old look, became a doctor's office, having spent a lot of wine, the old-looking medical equipment, which is in the patient's field of vision. And yet the greatest infusion of the word of the doctor, yoga behavior, manner and tone of speech. It is impossible to overestimate the power of the specialty of the doctor.
In most cases, the manner of the doctor's behavior can be destroyed up to one of the two, the widest. This is the type of a good-natured, all-minded and all-forgiving doctor and the type of “professor”, who knows everything, but even farther away from the patient through his special social status. The atmosphere, in a kind of practical way, can accept the best contact with the sickness and the effectiveness of the likuvannya, or it can transcend it. The behavior of the doctor may have the meaning of that yoga of good thoughts, feelings, attitudes, not related to illnesses and the same likuvalny process in the fire. However, it is impossible to admit that ailments lie in the special life of a doctor, in which, as in any other person, various situations are possible. Neurotic rice specialties change the formation of a trusting contact with illness and can lead to iatrogenic effusions. Everything is important in the behavior of a doctor: the style of dressing up, the culture of the language, the up-to-date rules of propriety. A typical butt can be a situation, if the surgeon after a successful operation, without hesitation, go to his relatives, to be cleared, in a crooked medical gown. The most irritating people can be brought to insomnia, even though the doctor came with a loud bell about a successful operation, but the stink of the stench of the hips shook their zhahlivyy zvnіshnіshnі look and sneered, yet did not feel anything.
In the case of ailments, the doctor is obliged to take special care and not to be jarring, to wind up the wine sound to such a manner of splintering, as if the wine is not drunk, that the patient has a sense of humor. Most ills ever take the skin word of the doctor. It was quite clear that situations are often blamed, for those who have great peace of mind, they sing to the ailing chivale and are unimportantly respected. At this moment, the doctor is guilty of forgetting about those people in front of him, for all rights. The doctor does not have the right to similarly declare to the ailing, the shards of such words can not only call us new likuvalny infusions, but also to make the patient’s camp worse. Sometimes the behavior of medical personnel can be illogical for some sick people, which manifests itself as an unprimed sympathy or antipathy. Sounds like the result of the associative links of the doctor with a lot of podias, so you can’t bring yourself to the next patient, so we’ll give you a pardon. Such nuances in the behavior of the doctor are to blame for the uniqueness and not working for the vipadkovy patient of the tsapa-vydbuvayla, although the doctor is such a remarkable person and you are not strangers to all the weaknesses of that experience. In the wake of the doctor’s constantly high employment, there is one more pardon for the behavior, if the guilt of the obtrusive patient is slandered by stenciled, meaningless phrases.
They bolster the authority of the doctor, demonstrating his formal appointment to his own fire and this patient's zocrema. In times of great occupancy, the doctor is guilty of trying to explain to the patient and dedicate another hour for more detailed information. Hippocrates in the treatise about the behavior of the doctor, having said: think only about the ailing, if slid - support yoga with a friendly and sympathetic word; if necessary - suvoro and firmly sighed yogo vimogi, but in a different way, bring love to that sensible breath. Let's look at an example. A woman of 56 years of age, weak to depressive reactions, comes to the neurologist for an appointment, before which the therapist is directed by a therapist at a connection with symptoms of anxiety, tearfulness, sleep.
Close to the fate of that її started turbulence of invisible pains in the dilyance of the lower part of the abdomen, which led to ailments with an expression of restlessness. The doctor, to the point where she turned away, stating that she suspects sarcoma (one of the options for malicious puddling, which is important for exuberance), this requires the term obstezhennia. The ailment went through an impersonal obstezhen, but the day they did not confirm the diagnosis, but the patient continued to feel an inexhaustible fear that she had a non-violent oncological ailment.
A pardon in the behavior of the doctor says that he is guilty, not estimating the peculiarities of the particularity of the patient, shy to depressive states, once again telling her about her biggest admission, wanting to go into the same depression, assigning the same change to obstezhen, obґruntovuvat їх for the patient it is necessary for the bulk of the m' yakshe, navit yakshcho the doctor rightly suspected the possibility of such a serious illness. I. P. Pavlov made an analogy between verbal infusions and physical imitations in robots. Vin talking about the need for a doctor to respect the principle of sterility of words.
Vіdomі vpadki, if ailment through the careless word of the doctor and the transmission of the result of the disease, various autoaggressive symptoms, sorrema and suicidal tests. The words of a doctor are the only tool of splintering, and they are often their own faces. As if it were ailments, it became easier for you if you went to see a doctor, we can rightly speak with a qualified fakhivtsy, which understands all sides of the disease. The strength of verbal swaying in such behaviors cannot be compared with the most effective ones pharmaceutical preparations, For saying the words of the ailing, provoked by them, carrying the same viability of the doctor. Neberezhni povіdomlennya can lead to a direct spread of ailments.
Deep tact, respect for the patient's rozpovid, retelling of the peculiarities of this specialty of the smallest, minimize the possibility of a shkidlivy infusion. It’s worth not only verbal communication between a doctor and a patient, but also medical documentation, like a skin doctor to get a great amount. The history of ailment, outpatient card, okremi results of the cold, which are seen by the ailing in the hands of the singing method, or they drank it to the new through the carelessness of the medical staff, they can avenge the sickness, they did not understand the ailing and, therefore, the wrong vitlumachen. Incorrectly clouding can be straightened out, as in the case of a stronger apparent sickness, so in the case of hardness, that everything is good with the patient and there is no need for a distant comfort and glee. As it is said above, options for clouding lie in the presence of special features of the sick person. Those are the same instructions that are given to medicines. These supra-world details can provoke hypochondriasis in patients who are weaker before them. Pharmaceutical companies, if they respect themselves, respect for the necessary information all possible contraindications side effects, yakі be-if you traplelis in practice zastosuvannya tsgogo koshti, navit yakshcho vpadok becoming one-time. The patient, shy to hypochondria, mistrustfulness, reading such an instruction, obo'yazykovo vyshukuvaty in himself all the lists of possible negative inflections and obo'yazykovo know about them.
The doctor is guilty of reason, that nobility is more than guilty, like a disease develops, and in every individual there are processes. Tse allows you to correctly evaluate the forecast and recognize adequately. To the very same, the doctor is independent of his main specialty, he can know the basics of psychotherapy. Without knowledge of psychotherapy, exuberance can have a lopsided character in a number of ways. The doctor, be it a specialty, is guilty of understanding: the most important thing is not to blame a specific illness, but to teach a person to be healthy. The nutrition of iatrogenics and deontology is not only the concern of doctors, but also of pharmaceutical practitioners, nursing staff. Mіzh pharmacists and pharmacists often blame rubbish, which negatively affects the process of likuvannya. Ailments to come to the pharmacy not only for mechanical withdrawal of medicinal preparations, but for joy, which did not get at the doctor, or for help for food, forgot to put the doctor, or for the pharmacist in this aspect of roses die faster. Vіdpovіdі pharmacist vplivatimut on perebіg likuvannya, setting the ailing to his will become that passionately emotional mood. The pharmacist is guilty of remembrance that I will become a patient without knowing the guilt, the doctors see more, that is why the thought of acknowledging exaltation in why not stray from the doctor’s thought, the guilt is not guilty ailing. The non-tactful behavior of a pharmacy practitioner can steal the virus of an ill person from his healer and bring, on the one hand, to the underestimation of the recognized likuvannya, on the other hand, cause mental trauma to the patient, which, in case of a hypochondriacal warehouse, is very doubtful in everything: diagnoses, prognosis, correctness of exposition.
Nurses in their behavior in the rest of the world are guided by the behavior of the doctor, so the doctor can be a butt for the average medical staff. The negative impact of a medical sister on a sick person, infliction by її actions, verbal discourse, behavior, is called soroorigenous. The urgency of this nutrition is determined by that hour, as a medical sister communicates with the patient. The medical sisters, as if exactly and resolutely chanting the doctor's confession, often call out to the sick with a sense of warmth.
For a medical sister, it is unacceptable to show impatience, irritating for the need to repeatedly explain the same, sharp actions, as if to speak about її dissatisfied, shards of spriyaє potentiate a sense of bezporadnosti and affliction in the sick, with yakim all the time practicing and talking. On the ailing one they negatively pour in like a non-tactful behavior of a medical sister, coldness and officialdom at the occasion of ailments, smartness in rich moods of an insufficient level of culture, enlightenment, and also familiarity, familiarity. The medical sister is not guilty of work of visnovkіv and visnovkіv in these spheres, as if they are not in their competence, but rather discuss the recognition of that thought of the doctor. For her duties, the nurse is the assistant to the doctor, and not the equal of the fakhivtsy with him. For a year, gaining a great practical knowledge of work, a nurse is in the ranks of vipadkiv may be the mother of knowledge mayzhe on the equal of the doctor. With a trusting contact between a doctor and a helper, the stench can be discussed on equal terms, problems, take decisions. However, the whole process may be left alone between them.
The nurse is guilty of supporting the authority of the doctor in every possible way, emphasizing the critical respect for the presence of ailments and relatives, and making her encyclopedically impressed with her rightness. At the time of the establishment of a trustworthy contact between the nurse and the patient, for an hour, it is easy to smooth out the elements of tactlessness, inadvertently admitted by the doctor. Banal formal phrases, which are more often heard a little bit from medical sisters through їх tіsnіshe and trivаlіshe splіkuvannya z khvorim, can zavdati nepodіvanoї shkodi. Let's guess that one and the same words are the same words, said in different situations at the address different people, can carry a different meaning of vanity, wanting the one who speaks skin once, maw at the same time.
This fact is especially significant when we are sick before the operation, if we are resting in the camp of an anxious eye, and if it does not mean anything, we do not have a moment for him, but also when awakened under anesthesia. At the moment of brain recovery in the presence of anesthesia, the veins do not immediately begin to function as before, about the guilt of the memory of medical practitioners, as if they are restoring order from illness at the moment of awakening. It’s impossible to let it go for an hour, as if these other words will be received, then those that the patient feels at that moment can be thought out by the promoter. Information may be minimal, and there may be such, as it is important to ambiguously confuse. All pardons for sick people, like a negative injection on them, can be combined into a sprat group.
5. Nadanny pleased. The nurse is obliged to clearly indicate what is within the scope of her competence, and what is not, and also those who are responsible for saying the words, including those who are different, give that recommendation, about it, perhaps, without asking anyone. Give for the sake of it - the whole art, here the principle “not bad” can be applied. To that, give the knowledge of the Galusi that you go beyond the competences of a medical sister, a pardon, a gracious mother of a sorrigenous infusion. As a medical sister doubts, as it is correct to respond to the patient's care, naivirnishoy є dpovid, that she will be happy with the doctor. Such a demonstration will demonstrate that the doctor that sister practices mutual support and mutual support, and also accepts the recognition of the medical authority. There are situations of combined iatrogenic and sororigenous shkidlivy infusion on the patient. You should speak up at the time, if you are aware of ailments about the differences between the doctor and the sister, or, even worse, the doctor and the medical sister start discussing your differences with the presence of the ailing. Thus, from their side, they inspire the faith of the ailing on the effectiveness of the entire likuvalny process. In general, a small part of shkodi, caused by iatrogenic infusions, is small in contrast to other irritating inflows, which are used by patients. The most common examples of iatrogenic effusions are elements of depression, various neurotic reactions, and more often - a development of psychosomatic pathology, which is accompanied by a feeling of depression, fear, anxiety. Iatrogenic injections can provoke functional changes from the side of that organ, which causes the most anxiety about some kind of illness, which in the worst case can lead to psychosomatic pathology.
Injecting a somatic mind into the psyche can be sanogenic, and pathogenic. For the rest, they suffer from damage to mental activity in the minds of somatic ailments.
There are two types of pathogenic influx of somatic ailment on the psyche of a person: somatogenic (due to intoxication, hypoxia and other influxes on the central nervous system) that psychogenic, indicative of a psychological reaction of a special kind to an illness, that yoga can be inherited. Somatogenic and psychogenic components are presented in the impact on the mental sphere in various spontaneous conditions in the fallow nosology. So, for example, a particularly great role is played by somatogenic infusions in the genesis of mental disorders in case of ailments of the nirok, in case of congenital heart diseases.
In patients with chronic nirk deficiency (N18), symptoms of intoxication are indicated. Looking back at the intoxication, asthenia develops. In the wake of the growing asthenia, the change is blamed on us in front of the structure of such cognition processes, as a memory and respect - rethinking of the intellect. Sounds like an obligation of respect, disruption of the processes of saving and saving information. In the world, asthenia grows to the point of destruction of the processes of respect and memory, other changes in the intellectual sphere are added: the level of the analytical-synthetic activity of thought is decreasing with the majestic importance of scientific-figurative thought over the abstract logical. Dumkov's activity begins to bear the figure of concreteness and situationality. Intellectual deficiency is gradually formed, the productivity of thought is reduced. Changes in the cognitive sphere of ailments from chronic nirkov insufficiency are inconspicuously associated with changes in emotionality.
The structure of asthenia tends to be drastic due to a decrease in control over emotional reactions. Depression is a psychological reaction to the recognition and experience of illness of intellectual incompetence that is formed (especially at the stages of illness). Anxiety and hypochondria can develop.
Vimushena in the form of primary professional activity, the need for a change in profession through illness and transition to disability, transformation to the object of family care, isolation in the form of primary social education (after dock of a trival stationary likuvannya) - all the significant peace is poured into the specialty of the ailing person, who has 'are drawings of his centrism, increased vigor, quirkiness.
Severely chronic somatic illness is changing the whole social situation of the development of a person. It changes the ability of the people in the future different types activities, which leads to the exchange of a stake of contacts with distant people, to bring about a change of place, like borrowing wine in life. At the link with cym, there is a decrease in volitional activity, a decrease in the number of interests, malice, apathy, disruption of the function of direct activity due to a decrease in practicality, and a decrease in the total mentality I can see.
Nikolaev denotes another important mechanism of spiving between mental and somatic functioning of a person - the mechanism of the "closed stake". Blame the fact that it is damaged, which blames the cob in the somatic sphere, causing psychopathological reactions, disorganizing specialty, like, its blackness, the cause of distant somatic damage. So, behind the “closed stake”, a whole picture of illness is unfolding.
The best example is the butt of the "closed stake" mechanism - the reaction to pain, which often occurs in the clinic of internal ailments. Under the influx of pain and chronic physical discomfort in patients with severe somatic disorders, various emotional disorders develop. The affective trials begin to change the parameters of physiological processes, transferring the organism to a different mode of functioning, which is under the pressure of adaptive systems. Chronic stress of adaptive and compensatory mechanisms can lead to the formation of secondary somatic lesions.
Korkina promotes the concept of the “psychosomatic cycle”, if the actualization of psychological problems is periodically actualized and the resulting intense emotional experiences lead to somatic decompensation, acute chronic somatic disease and the formation of new somatic symptoms .
On the vіdmіnu vіd gostroї patologiії, with yakіy suspіshne lіkuvannya prizvodnya pіdnovlennya poperednego zahvoryuvannya become zdorov'ya, khronіchnі zahvoryuvannya are characterized by pathological processes, which last for a long time, without clearly chіtko chіtko mezh. The patient does not become completely healthy again, wine is fast, that is chronic, ailments. An ailment can be prepared to a far worse humiliation of one's self-confidence, which continues to decrease in practicality, reconcile with the fact that you can't work everything you want, like before.
Through these surroundings, a person often appears in super-echoiness, which she sees in herself, and in the meantime, which she sees in others. Chronic ailment through psychosocial consequences of yogo functional exchanges (reaction of sіm'ї, change in the social sphere of activity, churn of professional practice too much) threatens to transform into an "incomplete" person, into a disabled person.
Medical psychology. The latest course Polin A.V.
Topic 4
I understand that I'm healthy and I'm sick
Significant understanding of ailment and health and wellness, and physicians have been doing it for a long time. Three hours of Hippocrates were a rich point to the dawn of the chain. Sickness and health have always come together like two mutually exclusive states, henceforth, the filthy self-feeling that garne self-feelingly, it is logical to look like two poles, which approach to be-like of these states. The concept of filthy and good self-feeling can be a completely subjective character. In case of a serious illness, a person can be taken to be healthy, so that he will feel good. A typical butt can be an oncological illness, which is predictive of a serious problem for the whole organism, but does not bring any unacceptable subjective symptoms at the bud stage. Navpaki, the filthy self-poochutya can be slandered by various reasons, okrim somatic pathology. Crim somatic, the main causes of filthy self-esteem are socially important. Before them, one can see family problems, be it disrupted communications, mutual specialties with representatives of the social environment, in a way out of bag.
It is necessary to understand the concept of health as a camp, to what guilt pragmatically successful likuvalny infusions, as well as meta preventive approaches that gradually get used to and propagate. The concept of mental health includes three main aspects in oneself: good self-esteem, like physical, and mental; self-actualization, so that building up to self-development, the manifestation of self-sufficiency; povaga to yourself that otochyuchih, but a little bit of vlasnoy goodness. All these qualities are possible as characterological features of special features with a low risk of mental disorder. Mobility is recognized as the premorbid power of specialness, and as ecological, economic and social minds of life. "All life is a theater, and all are actors in a new world." The meaning of this quote is explained by the fact that it is not less relevant to understand the role of a healthy person and the role of an ailing person for the objective understanding of health and ailment. The role of transferring the suspense to the behavior of this individual. The role of a healthy maє on uvazі, scho people can win all the burdens on it with the necessary support of social functions and in the future, brothers and dodatkovі. The role of a healthy person is characterized by normal practice, vitality, readiness to complete the tasks. The role of the ailing man is directly opposite to the situation. In the camp of an ailment, a person claims special respect, turbot from the side of the sick. The role of the ailing may be on the court, which is laid on the new us before the social functions, the duties are transferred to other persons, or they may be pinned, the role of the ailing includes the impossibility of vicking the number of persons in the general obligation.
Whether the disease is diagnosed on the basis of the analysis of clinical signs (symptoms) and the results of the treatment. Among the various symptoms are signs of somatic ill health, as well as an altered reaction of the psyche as a result of illness. With low illness, such as neuroinfection, various intoxications, mental illness, illness of the vessels of the brain, changes in the psyche are affected by an uninterrupted influx on the head brain. In case of other illnesses, changes in the psyche and behavior will sound not like damage to the brain, but as signs that have changed from the side of other organs and systems. The main mechanism of such changes is the same in principle. Damage to the vocal activity of organs and systems in the aftermath of the culprit and the development of somatic disease lead to a change in nerve impulses, which should reach the brain from the affected organ. As a result, there are changes in the physiological parameters of the main nervous activity, which lead to a change in the mental activity of the patient. Such changes cannot be unilateral, they always accompany the cerebro-visceral connection. Interaction behind the principle of direct and virtuous connection creates a whole picture of illness in the final bag. Change the mental activity of a person to make the very turning point. Reaction to the same illness and injury in different cases will be different. Vono zumovlene raznym usvіdomlennyam ailments chi injuries, early life dosvіdom, equal to intellect and knowledge of a particular galuzі and bagatma іnshiy furnishing. The practical activity of a doctor often has to stumble over the lack of wealth of scarg and the meagerness of objective data. All the psychological features of being ill on one's own illness can be mentally divided into experiences and reactions to being ill. Before them, one can hear the patient’s judgment about the cobs showing ailments, especially the change of self-feeling in connection with the stronger ailing disorders, nadali, on the way to the dressing up, that renewal of health is a notification about the symptoms of the transferred ill health tsesu for myself that otochyuyuchih, possibilty of promotion of an outstanding professional activities and richly else. Follow the respect that in the center of the experience of the ill is known to be subjective, the stench takes the maximum of the respect and interests. The stench of mumbling a sprat of different things:
1) sensitive, which may be sensitive to somatic discomfort in apparent general weakness, pain symptoms and other manifestations;
2) emotional, which is manifested in people who wear clothes, fight for an unacceptable result of illness, and can be aggravated;
3) oxen, which is characterized by a clear understanding of the need to live, going to the bottom of the sickness in the aftermath of obstezhennia and active rejoicing;
4) rational and informative, which is manifested in the need to know the peculiarities of one’s illness, it is possible to overcome the disease, it is possible to make it easier, it is possible to have options for the result: outward dressing, timchasova unpracticality (short chi trivala), disability no, death.
Let's rehabilitate subjective experiences in response to different types of reactions to the disease, which is vinyl. The stench is subdivided into normal and abnormal.
Normal reactions:
Type 1 - shyness to overestimate the significance of a few symptoms and illness in general;
2nd type - a real assessment of one's future future prospects, which runs with the doctor's thought;
3rd type - skhilnistnost underestimate the severity and seriousness of one’s own will become in the current period and the possibility of success and ease;
4th type - outside of the list of ailments and even a few pathological symptoms of zocrema as a result of the presence of criticism until it becomes disimulation;
5th type - vytіsnennya zі єї svіdomosti obvious ominous sign zv'yazku zі fear yogo nіdomih naslіdkіv.
Abnormal reactions:
1) the asthenic type is characterized by increased stubbornness, weariness, regardless of the favorable result of the disease; the patient is tormented by confusion, he is afraid of recurrence of illness and the transition to a chronic form;
2) the depressive type is characterized by more than a little anxiety, tightness, rottenness, daytime hope for clothes, in connection with which spontaneous motives for the fight against ailments are used;
3) the hypochondriacal type is characterized by "an exit from the ailment", as it remembers all of one's life, shows the interests of one's thoughts, and all of one's work is related to it;
4) the hysterical type is characterized by shyness to the point of fantasizing, master's demonstrations of obvious sickly symptoms, which are accompanied by rich facial expressions, theatrical gestures, stogons, screams. In case of any ailment, one wants to share one’s experiences, barvistly and reportedly speaks about other symptoms, stinks show stinginess to the medical staff, which sounds like insufficient respect, hardness and callousness to them, unfortunate sufferers;
5) mosaic type - a combination of other signs, power and other types. In different periods of illness, one of the descriptions above shows an abnormal reaction.
One of the characteristic features of anomalous reactions is their scaling up to a swedish development and a swedish appearance. In case of psychopathological reactions in patients, criticism is always present, or not enough.
The rise of normal and anomalous types of response in broken emotional features and social needs allows you to see three main options for setting, which are most often aggravated, to the point of becoming ill.
The first option is considered as a normal reaction to the disease. The patient adequately assesses his own future prospects, in connection with which pragmatically win the recognition of exaltation and obstezhennia, and see the results. The children of such an ailing person show purposefulness, arrogance, self-control, exercise to take the situation under control.
Another option is a depressive type of abnormal reaction to the disease. Illnesses of the group are ruined, irritable, pessimistic, and have neurological behavior. The goals of that task, which are significant for these patients, go to another plane, their dissatisfied needs, and others go to blame for an additional demonstration of their bezporadnosti. Patients are of little initiative, they are interested in the results of their exaltation and lack of exultation, the stench does not win over their own reserve abilities.
The third option is a hysterical type of abnormal reaction to a disease: illnesses are passive, ignore the really difficult, their mood is not strong, the behavior is nervous. Contact from otochyuchimi difficulties in the wake of frequent inexpressible changes in mood. Patients long and barvisto talk about their ill experiences, often demonstrating them.
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In the structure of the internal picture, ailments are divided into sprats of equals:
Chuttievy, or a sensitive-complex of subjective sickly feelings;
Emotional-Reaguvannya, experienced by the patient with okremy symptoms or ailments in general;
intellectual-knowledge about ailments and її real assessment, deep awareness of hospitality, severity, illness;
Motivational-advance of the patient to his illness and restoration of health
Injecting a somatic mind into the psyche can be both sanogenic and pathogenic. For the rest, they suffer from damage to mental activity in the minds of somatic ailments.
There are two types of pathogenic impact of somatic illness on the human psyche: somatogenic(due to intoxication, hypoxia and other influxes on the central nervous system) and psychogenic, indications for the psychological reaction of the individual to the illness and possible consequences. Somatogenic and psychogenic components are presented in the impact on the mental sphere in various spontaneous conditions in the fallow nosology. So, for example, a particularly great role is played by somatogenic infusions in the genesis of mental disorders in case of ailments of the nirok, in case of congenital heart diseases.
In patients with chronic nirk deficiency (N18), symptoms of intoxication are indicated. Looking back at the intoxication, asthenia develops. In the wake of the growing asthenia, the change is blamed on us in front of the structure of such cognition processes, as a memory of that respect - rethinking of the intellect. Sounds like an obligation of respect, disruption of the processes of saving and saving information. In the world, asthenia grows to the point of destruction of the processes of respect and memory, other changes in the intellectual sphere are added: the level of the analytical-synthetic activity of thought is decreasing with the majestic importance of scientific-figurative thought over the abstract logical. Dumkov's activity begins to bear the figure of concreteness and situationality. Intellectual deficiency is gradually formed, the productivity of thought is reduced. Changes in the cognitive sphere of ailments from chronic nirkov insufficiency are inconspicuously associated with changes in emotionality. The structure of asthenia tends to be drastic due to a decrease in control over emotional reactions. Depression is a psychological reaction to the recognition and experience of illness of intellectual incompetence that is formed (especially at the stages of illness). Anxiety and hypochondria can develop.
Vimushena in the form of primary professional activity, the need to change the profession through illness or transition to disability, transformation to the object of family care, isolation due to primary social education (after trival stationary likuvannya) - everything with a significant world is poured into the specialty of the ill, who has are pictures of his centrism, increased vigor, quirkiness.
Severely chronic somatic illness is changing the whole social situation of the development of a person. It will change the capacity of different types of activity, leading to the exchange of contacts with distant people, to bring to change the position, like borrowing wine in life. At the link with cym, there is a decrease in volitional activity, a decrease in the number of interests, malice, apathy, disruption of the function of direct activity due to a decrease in practicality, and a decrease in the total mentality I can see.
Physical reactions to emotions are one of the widest common senses. The person is afraid, її the pulse is quicker, the breath becomes worse. A person is angry - the appearance of redness and m'yazi are straining. Lyudina is watching the ogid - the sluice is starting three. Relaxing in the face of tension, the person is robbed deep in the breath. The clown, with his tricks, spasmodically squirms our diaphragm; We are afraid of a tragic downfall that we are experiencing grief - our tears see the secret of tears, we cry.
Subjective responses, such as fear, aggressiveness, anxiety, joy, confusion, in such a manner, mobilize includably folding bodily processes, such as changes in heart rhythm and blood circulation, breath, activity of the mucosal-intestinal tract, zm and in the m'yazovіy system and halls . The human organism and її psyche are inextricably linked with each other. To this deyakі somatic zazvoryuvannya lead to the disorder of the psyche.
Chronic somatic contagion lie down to quiet factors, which can lead to a steady decrease in practice, often lead to a frontal disability. With this one reason for the fall of practice, there can be a change in the psyche, which is blamed on ailments. About the injection of somatic chronic illnesses on the psyche has been known for a long time. This knowledge is known in the classical formula of medicine: a healthy body has a healthy spirit. In rich robots of the doctors of the past and our contemporary, we know descriptions of such changes in the psyche, which are blamed on ailments, as they suffer from chronic somatic illness. Judging by recent literature data and results of clinical warnings, the range of possible changes in the psyche in patients with ailments is supra-lingually wide. This is the reason for the negative emotional reactions, caused by the change of the physical state of sickness: fear, depression, anxiety, drativity, which manifest themselves in people at different stages of overcoming illness and її exultation. There are also descriptions in the literature of neurotic and asthenic states that have spread on aphids of somatic ailments. This is the experience caused by the legacy of illness, the change of practice, the family life, the entire social status of a sick person. I, nareshti, tse stiykі, іnоdі importantly overcome all the peculiarities of the ailing person, which are manifested in the molding in the minds of the ailment of anomalous and its centric attitudes, zahisnih and compensatory special crevices, changing the life of directness and self witness to the sick.
I looked at the low illness from a chronic overshoot on the psyche of a person and assigned to a robot.
A development of the vchennya about mental disorders in somatic illnesses
A description of mental disorders in somatic diseases can be found in ancient medicine. In the Middle Ages, as in Arabic, so in European medicine, summies of various alkaloids were widely celebrated in treating mental changes associated with internal ailments.
In the 16th century, psychic states were described, which are blamed on scurvy as a result of treacherous sea hikes. And yet, more and more middle-aged practices about the breakdown of the psyche in case of somatic illnesses were only repeated in different situations of the ancient scholars.
For example, in the 18th century, most of the help from internal medicine began to appear descriptions of mental disorders, which are often positive symptoms of infectious diseases. It was important that this group of mentally disturbed people perebuvay poses between the competencies of psychiatrists, so that they can take care of mornings and jubilations of the less physically healthy "shifted".
Until the middle of the 19th century of medical literature, there were already numerical descriptions of mental disorders in various somatic illnesses. For a long time, the survivors tried to find out the connection between the characteristic somatic illnesses and the peculiarities of mental disorders in the new. Against this decision, Bonhoeffer spoke out, vysunuv vchennya about the "exogenous type of reaction", the essence of which is that there are fewer possible reactions to the brain, lower external effusions, yak to the living organism. Seeing the 5 main syndromes in a row, how the body reacts to the influx of various exogenous fluctuations Bongeffer (Bonhoeffer) characterized the great syndromes Konnabih Yu. History of psychiatry, p.
Clinical warnings of psychosis in case of somatic illnesses have shown that stench always runs sharply, and can cause a protracted streak. p align="justify"> The dynamic development of somatogenic mental disorders showed that for the nosological assessment, the nature of the underlying syndromes is not important, but the sequence of their appearance and change.
away historical development vchennya about somatogenic psychosis went like a way to improve descriptions and classifications.
The number of low-value reports about mental disorders in case of somatic illnesses belongs to German psychiatrists Grezinger, Vernick, Meinert, as well as representatives of Russian psychiatry Korsakov, Orshansky, Serbian, Rosenbach, Krepelin.
Changes in clinics, breakthroughs and results of ninth emergence of fundamentally new methods of treatment in medicine.
General statements about mental disorders in somatic illnesses
Somatic disease internal organs(including endocrine) or other systems, which often call different mental disorders, most often called "somatic mentalized psychoses", as well as "somatogenic psychoses".
Wash the appearance of somatically deluded psychosis
1) the presence of a pronounced clinic of somatic disease;
2) the presence of a littered connection in the hour between somatic and mental disorders;
3) singing paralelism through the stretching of mental and somatic disorders;
4) it is possible, but not obov'yazkova appearance of organic symptoms Cannabis Yu. History of psychiatry, p.476, trans. z nіmets., M., 1994. There is no single view of the reliability of this classification.
Alexander determined three vectors:
1) to unite, possess, accept;
2) turn off the power, see it, watch it, spend energy for attacking someone who’s attacking someone;
Emotional manifestations, associated with the main biological processes of sedation, preservation of vitrachannya, are easily recognized as the emotional components of the function of the intestinal tract. Psychological officials in various duct-intestinal disorders are described as a conflict between men and women by vectors. For example, slunk functions are sometimes seen in people, like rubbish reacting irritably to their help, when they show a bug from the side of another person, the bug scurries to be-whom. In other situations, the conflict manifests itself in a sense of guilt through the bazhannya, by force, somehow, in another, but if the child wants to be single-handedly led by the father’s love and the father’s jealousy to other children. The reason, as I explain why the slippery functions of the flooring are different for such a conflict, was found in a widely known factor, which is the first obvious satisfaction of the receptive-selective bazhan. At the thoughts of the child, the bazhannya buti kohanimi, that bazhannya buti, are sung with reverence even more deeply. If, in a more mature city, I should take care of the help in the light of the other one, litter or anger, which is not uncommon in the future, the main value of which is respected by independence, the bazhanya should know regressive satisfaction in the movement and I will pull to the poglenannya їzhi. Tsya pulls stimulate the secretion of the sluice, and a chronic increase in the secretion in a sickly individual can be brought to the end of the vein.
In case of intestinal disorders - psychogenic carryover and various forms of colitis - typical conflicts are concentrated on a few emotional difficulties (desperate susilla) at least to reach someone. Like patients with slunk damage, these ailments are also showing signs of tendencies to stagnation, the stench is also trying to compensate for their bugs, be sure to take them away in exchange for bugs; however, they do not have the motivation to realize these ambitions. If the stench wastes hope on the reach of what to break, then the intestinal activity is damaged.
In cases of rheumatoid arthritis, an emotional influx was noted on the tongue, the expression is sensitive, as if under control. In asthma, the most specific psychological conflict is concentrated on the basis of the key points of life. For example, the cob of the mother-child link is broken; tse damage at little child appear at the strangled impulse to cry; For a child, you can’t put in a doorway, a trusting verbal contact from a mother, but a special one, like you replace it. In case of somatic illnesses with chronic overflow, which are accompanied by trivial metabolic disorders, intoxication, more severe and trivial changes to the type of psychopathopathic occur, which are characterized by:
1. I will manifest a stable discord mood, the very dysphoria with the majestic overwhelm of this, that, hostility to the point of utter dislike;
2. Feeling dissatisfied, deaf, restless;
3. Decrease in productivity;
4. Upper suzhen;
5. Reduced energy and activity;
6. The development of his centrism and the sound of a stake of interests;
7. Odnomanіtnіstyu behavior, obstrelivіstyu and obnoxiousness;
8. A camp of decay with the smallest life difficulties. Steps of mental disorders, their development, and the result of a significant world lie down in the face of the peculiarities and severity of somatic illness. Prote correlation is not absolute. Damage to the psyche can occur, or signifi- cantly deteriorate, regardless of the trivial development of somatic illness. Beware of a turnaround: a change in the psyche can take some time, or it will be left with a persistent disease, or a new somatic illness.
Clinical manifestation
Clinical picture of somatogenic disorders to fall due to the nature of the main disease, degree of severity, stage of overrun, equal effectiveness of therapeutic effusions, reasonable treatment psychological injection chronic ailments, diagnosis - recognition of lack of understanding, the manner of referring to a physician, as well as such individual powers, such as depression, constitution, premorbid warehouse of specialness, age, inodness, reactivity of an organ izmu, the presence of frontal slips.
In individuals with recurrent or chronic illnesses, depression is often indicated, which often aggravates clinical picture suffering by the vicious stake mechanism. Step by step, a sign of physical ill-being in Parkinson's disease, heart failure, or rheumatoid arthritis, which leads to a depressive reaction, which makes it even more difficult to feel hopelessness.
Different stages of illness can be accompanied by different syndromes. At that very hour there are many pathological states, especially characteristic ones for somatogenic mental disorders. Tse takі unwind:
1. Asthenic;
2. Neurosimilar;
3. Effective;
4. Psychopathic;
5. Lighthouses;
6. Stan pomarennya svіdomosti;
7. Organic psychosyndrome.
Asthenia is a typical phenomenon in somatogenies. The very asthenia is associated with the pathomorphosis of self-generated mental disorders, it can be the only manifestation of mental changes. As soon as the vindication of the psychic state of asthenia begins, sound, then, it can be a debut, and bring to completion.
Gostry perebіg ailments are characterized by the fact that the flow of the asthenic syndrome with colic will become damaged (obscured) svіdomosti.
Chronic leaks are characterized by the presence of a protracted asthenic syndrome, with which the dynamics is characteristic (I will become worse until evening). Ale basically posterіgaєtsya so titles of the great syndrome:
Astheno-depressive;
Astheno-subdepressive;
Astheno-manic;
Astheno-hypomanic;
Astheno-paranoid;
Asthenic-pochondriacal;
Astheno-halucinatory-paranoid;
Asthenic stupor.
Asthenics become manifested in different options, but the typical ones are increased stomluvanity, sometimes from the very wound, concentration of respect, increased spriynyattya. Emotional lability is also characteristic, increased vulnerability and shyness,
swedish vіdvolіkannya. The ailments cannot bear the insinuation of an insignificant emotional strain, they become somnolent, zamuchuyutsya through a dribnitsa. Hyperesthesia is characteristic, which manifests itself in intolerance to sharp sub-razniki in the sight of loud sounds, bright light, smells, dots. Sometimes, hyperesthesia becomes the flooring is turned, so that the ailing fighters instill quiet voices, it’s very bright, the white dot to the body. Partly є raznomanіtnі disruption to sleep.
Neurosimilar damage. Cі razlady pov'yazanі s somatic status and blamed for obtyannі the rest, as a rule, with mayzhe vіdsutnostі or small role of psychogenic infusions. Peculiarities of neurosis-like disorders, especially neurotic ones, their rudimentary nature, single-mindedness, characteristically similar to vegetative disorders, mostly paroxysmal in nature. However, vegetative discord can be stable, very clear.
Affective discord. Somatogenic mental disorders are also characterized by depression in different variants. In the minds of the folding interweaving of somatogenic, psychogenic and special factors of the reversal of the depressive symptoms of the pet dermatitis, they are significantly affected by the nature of that stage of somatic illness. In general, the role of psychogenic special factors in the formation of depressive symptoms (with the progression of the main illness) is more pronounced, and then, with a further tightening of the somatic state, the asthenia is gradually reduced .
With progression of somatic illness, trivial overshoot of ailment, stepwise formation of chronic encephalopathy, painful depression stepwise becomes the character of dysphoric depression, with grumbling, dissatisfied otochyuyuchy, wheezing, excitability, note khlivistyu. At the early stage, the anxiety is not constant, but blames for the period of acute illness, especially with a real threat to the development of unsafe conditions. At the later stages of an important somatic disease in case of manifestations of encephalopathy, often on aphids of dysphoric manifestations, asthenic syndrome includes an uneasiness to the overwhelmed adynamia and apathy, baiduzhnosti to the point of being superfluous. In the period of a significant loss of the somatic state, the attacks of an anxious and painful awakening are blamed, at the heights of which suicidal tests can be experienced.
Psychopathic discord. Most often, the stench manifests itself in the growth of hisism, his centrism, podozrіlosti, frowniness, hostile, wary rank to the fortuneteller's attitude to otchoyuchy, steriform reactions from the possible slenderness to the aggravation of one's become, the exercise of fasting but be in the center of respect, with the elements of a set behavior. A possible development of a psychopatho-like state with increasing anxiety, distrust, difficulties in making any decision.
Beacon stand. In ailments with chronic somatic ailments, the lighthouses become blaming on the aphids of a depressive, astheno-depressive, anxious-depressive state. The most common reason is blue, arraignment, material conflicts, more nihilistic, slandering chi. Even more somatically ill caused a more beneficial change of consciousness, then the syndrome of dysmorphomania may form, which is to blame for the mechanisms of the reactive state.
Stan poohmuroy svidomosti. Most often, episodes of deafening are seen, which are blamed on the asthenic-adynamic background. Stupin stunned when you can have a cunning character. The most light stages of stupor at the sight of the obnubilation of the sound, with tightness of the convulsive state, can turn into a stupor and cause a coma. For important somatic illnesses, such variants of delirium are characteristic, as musiting and professional with infrequent transition in whom, as well as a group of the so-called quiet delirium. A quiet delirium that is similar to a new one will be feared in case of chronic diseases of the liver, nirok, heart, mucosal-intestinal tract, and may protikat may be uncomfortably for otochuyuchih. The ailments sound low, they change at the same position, baiduzh to the point of utter shock, often cope with the enemy, doze, sometimes mumble. During periods of oneiroid-like stasis, you can swear by the state of arousal, most often with a look of frenzy restlessness. Illusory-hallucinatory experiences for such a state of being are characterized by barvisty, narration, scene-likeness.
Amentatively darken the information in clean looking zustrichaetsya infrequently, mainly with the development of somatic disease on the so-called changed soil in front of a weakened organism. More often than not, this emotional state is filled with deep obscuration of information, which changes quickly, often approaching a breakdown in the type of quiet delirium, with clarification of information, emotional lability.
head feature syndromes of obscuring the symptoms in case of somatic diseases - wiping out, quick transition from one syndrome to another, the appearance of shifting states, vindication, as a rule, on asthenic aphids.
The day-to-day camp of witnesses in a clear view in case of somatic illnesses rarely sounds, sounds, in the development of an organic psychosyndrome (encephalopathy).
Typical psychoorganic syndrome. With somatic ailments, the veins rarely develop, blame, as a rule, with trivial ailments with severe overtravel, such as chronic nirkov insufficiency or trivaly cirrhosis of the liver with manifestations of portal hypertension.
In case of somatic illnesses, the asthenic variant of the psychoorganic syndrome with increasing mental weakness, increased viscidity, tearfulness, and asthenodysphoric mood are more often observed.
Por_vnyano century-old features
At the summer vіtsі. As we already z'yasuvali, deyakі somatic zahvoryuvannya vplyvayut on the psyche of people. Bronchial asthma, hypertensive ailment, ischemic heart disease, Viraz's ailment, neurodermatitis are considered to be the right psychosomatic illnesses. A lot of people of a frail age react to ailments with anxiety, fear, depression. It is possible to experience an experience caused by stepwise weakening of physical and mental functions. Often blame:
Focus on ailing children - 8% (pochondria);
Nevira in clothes - 7% (melancholy);
Baiduzhist - 9% (apathy);
Watching the ailment - 9% (his centrism);
Nervousness - 9%
І less than 13% harmonically set to ailment. Summer people do not underestimate their illness as much as they overestimate them. Only 25% are afraid of underestimation. Nearly half of the patients, who suffer from corporal ailments, will require more than psychological respect and encouragement.
It’s safe to say that the inner world of the frail age is waking up to the world of the young, that there are a lot of marks and the star is taken from the past. Violent changes of people of a frail age lakayut, it is important for them to stick to them. To that, it is worthy of the nobility to be likened to a summer person, to create a noble mind of life.
It is important to develop positive thoughts pіdtremuvati garny moods. The mental state can be invested in the mechanisms of humoral and clitinic immunity, building mobilization of internal resources of the body for clothing. The psyche of a person is good to help heal the ailment. At the same time, we have to talk about the fate of the patient in the process of healing, about his viability for his health, the ability to inject himself into the new one. One of the goals of accurate injection is mood.
From practice it is clearly seen that without knowledge of the inner world of people of a frail age it is impossible to rationally give them the necessary medical help.
At the child's vіtsі. Somatic illnesses that linger on, that start in a child's head, can cause pathological specialties. In this sense, the most unsafe is practically all endocrine diseases, which can become the cause of the appearance of defects in fineness right up to the manifestations of the calisthenics and tse, in their line, also with a pathological molding character. With many chronic somatic illnesses, and chronic nirkov insufficiency itself, chronic promeneva ailments and others with supraworld promotion to the sickness of a child from the side of the sick (hyperopecia) and / or setting up to it as a defective, incompetent, as well as a possible pathological development of special features.
A lot of somatic diseases in hostile leaks (liver cirrhosis, pernicious anemia, promenitis ailment, heart failure, swelling of the back of the mouth localization and others), which occur in early childhood, with untimely to the wrong exaltation of the unsafe development of obscuring information, like someone else. Therefore, when a child enters with pronounced asthenic symptoms and other symptoms described above, it is necessary, first of all, to direct him to a viable fahіvtsya (therapist, oncologist, endocrinologist, then), and not to treat mental illness. Psychotherapy can be more than supportive to the point of curing the main somatic illness.
It is also necessary to indicate that mental disorders in young people with chronic somatic illnesses are the same as in adults. Vidminnosti in the fact that there are practically no light ideas in children, and the characteristic hallucinations are more importantly hypnogogic, possible epileptoid attacks. Also, in children, asthenia is more often blamed for volatility, restlessness, increased restlessness and tearfulness.
When appearing in early age somatic illness, more than that described, it is not uncommon to be afraid of a stutter of mental development to a pronounced oligophrenia. This is how the tuck and physical development are indicated.
Forecast. Based on the foregoing, it is possible to make wisps, so that the forecast can be found in:
The severity of the main illness;
The nature of yoga flow;
Efficiency of therapy (somatogenic disorders themselves and accompanying psychotherapy);
The presence of the presence of forward shifts;
level of safety of the brain;
V_k sick;
Other articles of authority.
Etiology and Likuvannia
In the etiology of somatogenic mental disorders, sounding closely intertwined, take their part as well as somatogenic, and psychogenic officials. In pathogenesis, there are such disruptive factors, such as hypoxia, dyscirculatory damage (especially less on the level of damage to microcirculation), disruption of ionic level, toxic-allergic spleen, endocrine damage, immune changes . In addition to the pathological process as a whole, a significant role in the syndromogenesis of mental disorders lies in the premorbid features of particularity and psychotraumatic infusions, which are in front of the reaction to the disease and all those associated with it.
Special and psycho-traumatic factors, as they play, as it seems, a great role in the lower levels of the so-called psychosomatic illnesses (a number of severe heart-sudial illnesses, viraz's disease, sluice, endocrine illnesses, etc.), nadal and continue to give a great infusion on viniknennya that overrun of somatogenic disorders.
Influx of special and psychogenic chinnikov, which in the formation of somatogenic disorders, can unacceptably signify an overrun of the main illness, which in its line often increases the severity of psychogenic reactions (this is the name of the circular fallow).
In etiology and pathogenesis, the most significant factors play the role of age and state of power.
Therapy, first of all, is to blame, but it is directly based on the main somatic disease and on the basis of a wide (behind the indications) range of modern liquor infusions, including such fundamentally new ones, such as organ and tissue transplantation, organo-replacement therapy, new methods of surgical interventions an. Shown so zagalnozmіtsnjuvalnu therapy.
Salary efficiency modern methods likuvannya, in most cases there is no trace of ailments at a special psychiatric institution, you can likuvanya zdiyasnyuvatisya and in hospitals with a high medical profile, but for one reason: do your due diligence in a psychiatric hospital fahivets іz the main illness (therapist, surgeon, nephrologist, cardiologist, endocrinologist and and etc.). To learn about the status of psychiatric care in somatic medical ailments with hospitalized psychoses, in most cases, it is also not necessary to transfer to psychiatric medicine: awakenings of ailments can be less than translations in the context of admission and health care watch over me.
When psychopharmacotherapy is recognized, it is even more important to protect the greater sensitivity of somatic ailments, especially those with severe lesions of parenchymal organs, to medical methods of treatment, and sometimes paradoxical response to them. In addition, inadequate therapy for patients with asthenic "critical" radicals can lead to an increase in the depressive component.
The appointment of psychotropic drugs in May is carried out strictly on an individual basis for the improvement of the general somatic state, and other officials: the age of the sick, the severity and stage of illness, the general reactivity of the body.
Particularly important pіdkhіd to ailments with severe functional defects or the loss of parts of the body (for example, with paralysis, after amputation of the spinal cord). In this state of mind, it is often necessary to catch even more subtle intermittent reactive depression, if necessary, traditional psychiatric exuberance, and dysphoric emotional reactions, not very sharply expressed, but also severe physical ailments. Dysphoric emotional reactions with a discord in the mood, a kind of constellation of grief, spend moral strength and seeing your "virvanity" from life, mental and physical zanepadu. Tsі reactions are rotten pіddayutsya lykuvannyu antidepressants and psychotherapy. These dynamics are mainly characterized by a wild clinical camp of the sick. In the course of a successful rehabilitation, the call of a sick person to his changed status is full of relief. In rehabilitation clinics, depression is often diagnosed there, de її not, and on the other hand, they don’t know if it’s really possible. Differential diagnosis in such a situation is more complex. I will help you the most with the advice of a doctor, who can specialize in psychiatry and that great knowledge of healing ailments from somatic disorders.
A great role in the treatment of non-psychotic somatogenic disorders lies in the need for psychotherapy in all types of behavior: rational and behavioral; іndivіdіduоnї аnd group, including the work not only s ill, but also from yogo sіm'єyu.
Prevention
The primary prevention of somatic disorders is closely related to the prevention and treatment of more early manifestations and treatment of somatic diseases. Secondary prophylaxis is associated with the most appropriate and most appropriate therapy for mutually dependent patients of the main disease and mental disorders.
Vrahovyuchi, scho psychogenic factors (reaction to illness and all those associated with it, reaction to a possibly unfriendly environment) may be important, both in the formation of somatogenic mental disorders, and in the event of a possible severe interruption of the main soma tic ailments, it is necessary to stop by and prevention of the same kind of infusions. Here, the most active role is played by medical deontology, one of the main aspects of which is the identification of the specifics of deontological nutrition, as well as the special features of the skin specialty.
somatic illness
Visnovok
Since then, we have crushed wisnovok, whether it be a chronic illness regardless of what, like biological nature, what kind of organ and functional system is affected by it, to put people in a psychologically special life environment, chi, otherwise seeming, I create especially the objective social situation development of the human psyche. For those with different chronic illnesses, they can create the same type of life.
Steps of mental disorders, their development, and the result of a significant world lie down in the face of the peculiarities and severity of somatic illness. Beware of a turnaround: a change in the psyche can take some time, or it will be left with a persistent disease, or a new somatic illness.
Skin ailments react in their own way on the day of a new illness, it is wise to heal the psychological infusion of chronic ailments, setting up a diagnosis - ignorance of insufficient understanding, the manner of making that setting up to a doctor.
It’s safe to say that the inner world of the frail age is waking up to the world of the young, that there are a lot of marks and the star is taken from the past. To that, it is worthy of the nobility to be likened to a summer person, to create a noble mind of life.
If a somatic illness appears in an early age, if there is a risk of mental development, it is necessary, first of all, to direct it to a good doctor (therapist, oncologist, endocrinologist, then), and not to treat mental illness baths.
In the etiology of somatogenic mental disorders, sounding closely intertwined, take their part as well as somatogenic, and psychogenic officials. And yet, special features and psycho-traumatic factors continue to push sometimes a great influx and on the vindication of that overrun of somatogenic disorders.
A great role in the treatment of non-psychotic somatogenic disorders lies in the need for psychotherapy in all types of behavior: rational and behavioral; individual and group, including the work not only with ailments, but also with yogo relatives.
Vrahovyuchi, scho psychogenic factors may be important, both in the formation of somatogenic mental disorders, and in case of a possible severe overrun of the main somatic ailment, it is necessary to live in and out of the way of prevention of this kind of effusions.
